Attiyah Zahdeh
April 4th, 2008, 12:06 AM
Attiyah's Planetary Motion
Attiyah's Pendula
It is out of doubt that from the Earth we can not at all directly see the other side of the Sun. Therefore, from the Earth's point of view, the Sun is two hemispheres: the perpetually Sun's Earth-facing hemisphere and the perpetually Sun's anti-Earth hemisphere. The perpetually unseen solar hemisphere is known as the far side of the Sun. However, if the Earth really rotates around the Sun according to the Kepler's first law, then it will be absolutely impossible to have any side of this star permanently unseen to the Earth-stationed observers. Therefore, I consider that nothing can account for this case as long as we continue adhering to the Kepler's first law.
I introduce this hypothesis in order to be discussed by scientists. I do not claim that I now have any mathematical proof or practical model to support Attiyah's Planetary Motion. I consider that the Kepler's second and third laws themselves support my hypothesis. It seems to me that Kepler failed to conclude that, relative to the Sun, the motion of the planets is the same as of the pendulum.Thus, he coined his second and third laws as alternative statements to express the laws of the simple harmonic motion of the planets. I'm inclined to say that Kepler (1571-1630 A.D.) was not aware of the work of Galileo (1564.1642 A.D.) on the pendulum and the laws of its motion he discovered.
The hypothesis of Attiyah's Planetary Motion is four propositions:
1- The planets move not around the Sun but in front of it.
2- The planetary motion in front of the Sun is of the simple harmonic type.
3- The planet (the bob), gravitational force (the length, the line between the planet's gravity center and the solar gravity center) and the Sun (the solar gravity center as the pivot point), altogether form a pendulum.
4- The planets oscillate in front of the Sun in hemiellipses or quasihemiellipses.
Notes:
1) This hypothesis is an alternative of Kepler's first law only.
2) This hypothesis does not apply to the motion of the satellites.
===============
Kepler's three laws
• Kepler's first law (The Law of Ellipses): The paths of the planets around the sun are elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus.
Thus, Kepler rejected the ancient Aristotelean, Ptolemaic,and Copernican belief in a circular motion.
• Kepler's second law (The Law of Equal Areas): An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time.
This means that the planet travels faster while close to the sun and slows down when it is farther from the sun. With his law, Kepler destroyed the Aristotelean astronomical theory that planets have a uniform velocity.
• Kepler's third law (The Law of Harmonies): The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun.
This means not only that larger orbits have longer periods, but also that the speed of a planet in a larger orbit is lower than in a smaller orbit.
N.B.
We must notice that the "far side" implies its meaning on a permanent basis. Please bear me to write the following iterating explanation.
The far side of the Sun is so called or described because it is always the far side, because it does not at all become the near side i.e. it never faces the Earth. It does not happen that it becomes facing the Earth-stationed observers. It never becomes the Earthward solar hemisphere. In this context, remember what does the far side of the Moon mean and how astronomers interpret it.
The other side that is the far side is always hidden. The far side of the Sun is the "back" of the Sun. We do not see the back of the Sun at all. The back of the Sun is perpetually prevented from rising on the Earth. We are permanently deprived of seeing this far side. Nor now neither then can we see the far side. Always only the same face of the Sun rises on the Earth. This is the near side. It is not at all the "far" side. The other far side does not rise on the Earth at all. All the time the far side does not face the Sun. It looks like as if the Sun is only a semisphere and that always we see only this very semisphere. In the perspective of the Earth, the far side, the anti-Earth side, is all the time the same side, and of course, the near side that is the Earth-facing solar hemisphere remains always the same side.
Attiyah's Pendula
It is out of doubt that from the Earth we can not at all directly see the other side of the Sun. Therefore, from the Earth's point of view, the Sun is two hemispheres: the perpetually Sun's Earth-facing hemisphere and the perpetually Sun's anti-Earth hemisphere. The perpetually unseen solar hemisphere is known as the far side of the Sun. However, if the Earth really rotates around the Sun according to the Kepler's first law, then it will be absolutely impossible to have any side of this star permanently unseen to the Earth-stationed observers. Therefore, I consider that nothing can account for this case as long as we continue adhering to the Kepler's first law.
I introduce this hypothesis in order to be discussed by scientists. I do not claim that I now have any mathematical proof or practical model to support Attiyah's Planetary Motion. I consider that the Kepler's second and third laws themselves support my hypothesis. It seems to me that Kepler failed to conclude that, relative to the Sun, the motion of the planets is the same as of the pendulum.Thus, he coined his second and third laws as alternative statements to express the laws of the simple harmonic motion of the planets. I'm inclined to say that Kepler (1571-1630 A.D.) was not aware of the work of Galileo (1564.1642 A.D.) on the pendulum and the laws of its motion he discovered.
The hypothesis of Attiyah's Planetary Motion is four propositions:
1- The planets move not around the Sun but in front of it.
2- The planetary motion in front of the Sun is of the simple harmonic type.
3- The planet (the bob), gravitational force (the length, the line between the planet's gravity center and the solar gravity center) and the Sun (the solar gravity center as the pivot point), altogether form a pendulum.
4- The planets oscillate in front of the Sun in hemiellipses or quasihemiellipses.
Notes:
1) This hypothesis is an alternative of Kepler's first law only.
2) This hypothesis does not apply to the motion of the satellites.
===============
Kepler's three laws
• Kepler's first law (The Law of Ellipses): The paths of the planets around the sun are elliptical in shape, with the center of the sun being located at one focus.
Thus, Kepler rejected the ancient Aristotelean, Ptolemaic,and Copernican belief in a circular motion.
• Kepler's second law (The Law of Equal Areas): An imaginary line drawn from the center of the sun to the center of the planet will sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time.
This means that the planet travels faster while close to the sun and slows down when it is farther from the sun. With his law, Kepler destroyed the Aristotelean astronomical theory that planets have a uniform velocity.
• Kepler's third law (The Law of Harmonies): The ratio of the squares of the periods of any two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their average distances from the sun.
This means not only that larger orbits have longer periods, but also that the speed of a planet in a larger orbit is lower than in a smaller orbit.
N.B.
We must notice that the "far side" implies its meaning on a permanent basis. Please bear me to write the following iterating explanation.
The far side of the Sun is so called or described because it is always the far side, because it does not at all become the near side i.e. it never faces the Earth. It does not happen that it becomes facing the Earth-stationed observers. It never becomes the Earthward solar hemisphere. In this context, remember what does the far side of the Moon mean and how astronomers interpret it.
The other side that is the far side is always hidden. The far side of the Sun is the "back" of the Sun. We do not see the back of the Sun at all. The back of the Sun is perpetually prevented from rising on the Earth. We are permanently deprived of seeing this far side. Nor now neither then can we see the far side. Always only the same face of the Sun rises on the Earth. This is the near side. It is not at all the "far" side. The other far side does not rise on the Earth at all. All the time the far side does not face the Sun. It looks like as if the Sun is only a semisphere and that always we see only this very semisphere. In the perspective of the Earth, the far side, the anti-Earth side, is all the time the same side, and of course, the near side that is the Earth-facing solar hemisphere remains always the same side.